Last Updated January 31, 2024

 January 31, 2024

Researchers may be interested in a review of the latest evidence on hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray.

Frag 176-191 is a short sequence of human growth hormone that is posited to have its weight loss and fat burning properties without the full extent of its risks.

More specifically, hGH fragment 176-191 is investigated for its potential to:

  • Burn fat
  • Induce weight loss
  • Stimulate injury recovery

In this comprehensive hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray guide, researchers can find the latest scientific data on the potential and safety of this peptide fragment, with a focus on intranasal administration.

Plue, we will also share where to buy research-grade hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray for experimental purposes.

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What is HGH Fragment 176-191?

hGH fragment 176-191 (alternatively, LAT 8881 and AOD-9604) is a modified segment of human growth hormone (hGH), namely the C-terminal part of its amino acid sequence.

The human growth hormone comprises a chain of 191 amino acids, and studies suggest that its final 15 amino acid (177-191) fragment contributes signficantly to the hormone’s well-known fat burning properties [1].

At the same time, other effects of hGH like promoting growth or antagonizing insulin are associated with different hGH segments [2, 3, 4].

Fragment 176-191 represents a modified version of the fat burning 177-191 sequence, distinguished by the added amino acid tyrosine at the N-terminus. Thus, hGH fragment 176-191 is also known by its alternate name, tyr-hGH177-191 [5].

This modified fragment was developed in the late 20th century by Australian firm Metabolic Pharmaceuticals, who expected the sequence to exert weight loss effects similar to those of hGH without its side effects [6].

The addition of tyrosine at the fragment’s N-terminus, as well as the disulfide bridge between two cysteine amino acids, akin to its presence in native hGH, substantially boosts the fragment’s stability [7, 8].

This enhancement makes hGH fragment 176-191 suitable for administration via various routes, including injectable and oral administration. Both routes have been well-studied:

  • HGH fragment 176-191 injections have been researched for their effectiveness in inducing fat loss in various murine models [9]. In addition, hGH fragment 176-191 injections have also been applied intra-articularly as a potential treatment for osteoarthritis in rats [10].
  • HGH fragment 176-191 pills were primarily investigated as an oral weight loss medication [6]. Additionally, the Australian pharmaceutical company Lateral Pharma has researched the formulation’s efficacy for migraine and neuropathic pain relief but without success [11, 12].

Currently, hGH fragment 176-191 is also available for educational or experimental purposes in the form of nasal spray.

Researchers should recall that this peptide fragment is not cleared by the United States Food and Drug Administration in any format, whether injectable, oral, or intranasal.


hgh fragment 176-191 nasal spray


HGH Fragment 176-191 Benefits and Research Applications

As of writing, there is a lack of both preclinical and clinical research on the effects of hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray.

Yet, researchers have investigated the fragment’s potential in both oral and injectable format and have reported promising results.

Here are some of the more notable research applications of hGH fragment 176-191, as gathered from available scientific data.

HGH Fragment 176-191 for Fat Burning

Preliminary research in test animals has looked at the mechanisms behind hGH fragment 176-191's potential for inducing fat loss and reducing adiposity.

Here are some of the most notable publications:

  • One murine experiment reported that hGH and hGH fragment 176-191 injections for 14 days dramatically reduced body weight and body fat in obese mice. This was associated with an increase in beta(3)-adrenergic receptor expression in fat cells, suggesting that both compounds work at least partially via this key receptor for fat breakdown [9].
  • A 19-day study in rats reported that oral hGH fragment 176-191 significantly increased fat breakdown, measured as 23% increased glycerol release from the fatty tissue of the treated animals. The authors also reported that the rats lost about 50% of their total weight [13].

HGH Fragment 176-191 for Weight Loss

Numerous studies have delved into the effectiveness of hGH fragment 176-191 for aiding in weight reduction.

Here we summarize two key studies focusing on the weight loss capabilities of hGH fragment 176-191:

  • In a rat experiment, hGH fragment 176-191 demonstrated comparable results on weight loss as hGH injections. The test animals that received 250 mg/kg/day of hGH fragment 176-191 experienced an average body weight reduction of 28%, compared to a 40% reduction in rats who were given hGH at 1mg/kg/day for two weeks. Notably, the peptide fragment did not have any negative effects on insulin sensitivity [14].
  • In a 12-week clinical study, volunteers given 1mg daily of hGH fragment 176-191 had an average weight loss of 5.72lb. Conversely, the placebo group experienced minor weight loss of 1.76lb. The authors notably observed that increasing the dosage of hGH fragment 176-191 to 10mg daily did not result in a proportional increase in weight loss, suggesting that the effect is not directly tied to dosage [6].

These findings eventually led to phase 2 trials investigating the potential of hGH fragment 176-191 as a weight loss pill. Yet, development ceased in 2007 following unsatisfactory results from one 24-week trial in 536 volunteers [6].

HGH Fragment 176-191 for Injury Recovery

Despite being known as hGH's lipolytic fragment, studies suggest that fragment 176-191 may likewise exert more of the hormone’s beneficial effects.

Rsearchers have posited that the fragment may be capable of stimulating recovery in various tissues, such as cartilage, in a manner similar to hGH.

Studies utilizing knee osteoarthritis models induced by collagenase have shown that hGH fragment 176-191 enhances the repair of injured cartilage more effectively than placebo (saline solution).

Likewise, combined treatment with hGH fragment 176-191 and hyaluronic acid injections was even more effective than either hyaluronic acid or hGH fragment 176-191 alone [10].

Following these findings, hGH fragment 176-191 was clinically tested for its potential pai reducing effects in conditions such as migraine and neuropathic pain relief. However, its efficacy was not superior to that of placebo [11, 12].


HGH Fragment 176-191 Side Effects

Researchers should note that hGH fragment 176-191 has not been tested for its safety and side effects in nasal spray format.

However, scientists may refer to the available safety data on other forms of administration, such as oral and injectable hGH fragment 176-191.

Two studies, called METAOD005 and METAOD006, have been conducted to examine the long-term safety of hGH fragment 176-191. These investigations applied the peptide fragment in its oral form [2].

METAOD006, the more extensive of the two, involved over 500 participants and doses of hGH fragment 176-191 of up to 1mg/daily. The incidence of side effects in the study’s treatment group was similar to that observed with placebo.

Side effects observed in the hGH fragment 176-191 group included:

  • Nasopharyngitis – 46.8%
  • Headache – 30.1%
  • Back pain – 25.5%
  • Diarrhea – 22.9%.

None of these side effects were definitively associated with the peptide fragment. Further, both studies highlighted the peptide's relative safety, noting the absence of adverse effects typically seen with hGH administration, such as increased IGF-1 levels and reduced glucose tolerance [2].

Additionally, there were no alterations in laboratory findings, vital signs, or ECG outcomes. The studies also reported no cases of allergic responses or antibody development in the participants.

Overall, hGH fragment 176-191 exhibits a safety profile similar to placebo, with no significant effects on IGF-1 levels, cancer development, or insulin resistance, and no apparent reasons to advise against its application.

In addition, hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray may exert some side effects related to the route of administration, such as nose or throat irritation.


HGH Fragment 176-191 Dosage Guide

There is currently no specific data available for hGH fragment 176-191 when administered as a nasal spray. Therefore, any intranasal dosing recommendations are extrapolated from studies and data pertaining to oral and injectable forms of this peptide fragment.

Here is the most relevant dosing data on hGH fragment 176-191 in either oral form or injections:

  • Orally administered hGH fragment 176-191 has shown promising results, particularly in weight loss studies. Trial data indicates significant weight loss with a daily intake of 1mg over a 12-week period [6].
  • Considering the aforementioned data on oral hGH fragment 176-191, the peptide is typically injected at a dose of 0.2-0.5mg/daily. Further, researchers may consider splitting the dosage into 2-3 administrations since clinical data with intravenous administration of hGH fragment 176-191 indicate a half-life of about 3 minutes. The half-life for subcutaneous administration remains undocumented. [15]

In the absence of specific data for nasal spray application, the above insights may provide a starting point for researchers. Based on this data, experts suggest the following protocol for hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray:

  • hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray dose: Researchers may consider initiating the study at 0.2mg/daily (200mcg/daily).
  • Frequency: The frequency of administration is typically once or twice daily, although the available data is limited.
  • Duration: Clinical studies involving oral hGH fragment 176-191 have lasted up to 12 weeks. Data on nasal sprays is lacking.
  • Notes: 200mcg is equal to four pumps of a 5mg nasal spray bottle that delivers 50mcg/spray.

HGH Fragment 176-191 Nasal Spray | The A-Z Guide

Currently, there is a lack of data on the feasibility of hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray for research.

Yet, considering the enhanced stability of hGH fragment 176-191, it is likely capable of reaching systemic circulation in sufficient amounts following this route of administration.

The nasal cavity is a favorable setting for peptide absorption thanks to its large surface area, porous endothelial membrane, high blood perfusion, and the fact that any agents passing through this route avoid liver (first-pass) metabolism [16].

Researchers who employ hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray for their studies are encouraged to take certain precautions while experimenting:

  • Spray Pump Maintenance: Researchers must keep the spray pump sterile and store it in a cool environment to avoid contamination or degradation. It is recommended to sterilize the nozzle with an alcohol swab before and after each use.
  • Nasal Passage Preparation: The test subject’s nasal passages should be cleared prior to administering the nasal spray. Clear nasal passages ensure better absorption of the peptide.
  • Head Positioning: The subject’s head should be tilted upward during and for a brief period after spraying. This position helps prevent the peptide from leaking out of the nostrils.
  • Preventing Peptide Loss: Sprays should be spaced between 30 seconds to one minute if multiple applications in the same nostril are needed. This avoids oversaturating the nasal lining and reduces the risk of swallowing excess solvent.

It is also recommended to avoid vigorous shaking or tapping of the spray bottle.

When not in use, the peptide nasal spray bottle should be kept refrigerated at temperatures ranging from 36 to 46 degrees Fahrenheit (2 to 8 degrees Celsius).


hgh fragment 176-191 nasal spray


Where to Buy HGH Fragment 176-191 Nasal Spray Online?

Experienced researchers and laboratory professionals looking to acquire hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray have a variety of online vendors to choose from.

But to ensure trustworthy results in research, it's crucial to obtain hGH fragment 176-191 from a reputable supplier of high-quality research peptides.

At Peptides.org, we are pleased to recommend the following esteemed provider of hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray.

PureRawz

This reputable vendor hGH fragment 176-191 in both nasal spray and injectable format. Researchers are encouraged to select their preferred formulation from the drop-down menu.

We trust PureRawz for the following reasons:

  • Lab-Tested Peptides: PureRawz extensively tests their peptides both in-house and through a third-party laboratory. Their hGH fragment 176-191 boasts an impressive 99% purity.
  • Cost-Saving Benefits: Understanding the financial demands of peptide research, PureRawz extends various perks and promotions, such as free shipping on orders exceeding $100 and a 10% discount to newsletter subscribers.
  • User-Friendly Website: The PureRawz website offers comprehensive information on the correct methods for reconstituting and managing peptides like hGH fragment 176-191, presented in an easily digestible format.
  • Exceptional Service and Support: PureRawz is noted for its outstanding support and service. They offer prompt and helpful assistance via both phone and email. Their knowledgeable and friendly team fosters a sense of trust and reliability with researchers.

Due to its commitments to product quality, customer satisfaction, and overall excellence in service, PureRawz is an exemplary option for sourcing research peptides like hGH fragment 176-191.

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HGH Fragment 176-191 Nasal Spray vs. Injections

When evaluating the choice between hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray and injections for research, it's important to weigh several key factors.

  • Administration and Convenience: Nasal sprays are less invasive and increase test subjects’ comfort, which may lead to better compliance. However, absorption may vary between test subjects. By contrast, subcutaneous injections can provide more accurate dosing and consistent absorption. Yet, they can result in local reactions, potentially leading to lower compliance.
  • Safety and Adverse Effects: Both forms of administration carry risks of local adverse reactions, although the risk of infections is higher in the case of injection. Further studies are needed to comprehensively compare the safety and efficacy of intranasal versus injectable methods for hGH fragment 176-191.
  • Pricing and Affordability: Both options are accessible via reputable online sources. Injections might offer a cost advantage due to the lower doses required and more reliable bioavailability.

Overall, researchers should consider compliance, safety, cost, and the specific needs of their study when choosing between nasal spray and injections, as both forms have their unique advantages and drawbacks.


HGH Fragment 176-191 Nasal Spray | Verdict

HGH fragment 176-191 is a research peptide that comprises the lipolytic fragment of human growth hormone and has an additional modification at the N-terminus that enhances its stability and pharmacokinetic properties.

Therefore, hGH fragment 176-191 is anticipated to offer comparable weight loss benefits to hGH therapy without exerting any of the hormone’s negative effects, such as raising blood sugar, increasing water retention, or stimulating cell proliferation.

We strongly advise visiting this top-rated supplier of research peptides to safely and securely obtain hGH fragment 176-191 nasal spray.


References

  1. Heffernan, M., Summers, R. J., Thorburn, A., Ogru, E., Gianello, R., Jiang, W. J., & Ng, F. M. (2001). The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice. Endocrinology, 142(12), 5182–5189. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.142.12.8522
  2. Stier, H., Vos, E., & Kenley, D. (2013). Safety and Tolerability of the Hexadecapeptide AOD9604 in Humans. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 3(1-2), 7-15.
  3. Jeoung, D. I., Allen, D. L., Guller, S., Yen, V., & Sonenberg, M. (1993). Mitogenic and receptor activities of human growth hormone 108-129. The Journal of biological chemistry, 268(30), 22520–22524.
  4. Ng, F. M., Jiang, W. J., Gianello, R., Pitt, S., & Roupas, P. (2000). Molecular and cellular actions of a structural domain of human growth hormone (AOD9401) on lipid metabolism in Zucker fatty rats. Journal of molecular endocrinology, 25(3), 287–298. https://doi.org/10.1677/jme.0.0250287
  5. Cox, H. D., Smeal, S. J., Hughes, C. M., Cox, J. E., & Eichner, D. (2015). Detection and in vitro metabolism of AOD9604. Drug testing and analysis, 7(1), 31–38. https://doi.org/10.1002/dta.1715
  6. Valentino, M. A., Lin, J. E., & Waldman, S. A. (2010). Central and peripheral molecular targets for antiobesity pharmacotherapy. Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics, 87(6), 652–662. https://doi.org/10.1038/clpt.2010.57
  7. Isidro, M. L., & Cordido, F. (2010). Approved and Off-Label Uses of Obesity Medications, and Potential New Pharmacologic Treatment Options. Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland), 3(1), 125–145. https://doi.org/10.3390/ph3010125
  8. Hartvig, R. A., Holm, N. B., Dalsgaard, P. W., Reitzel, L. A., Müller, I. B., & Linnet, K. (2014). Identification of peptide and protein doping related drug compounds confiscated in Denmark between 2007-2013. Scandinavian Journal of Forensic Science, 20(2), 42-49.
  9. Heffernan, M., Summers, R. J., Thorburn, A., Ogru, E., Gianello, R., Jiang, W. J., & Ng, F. M. (2001). The effects of human GH and its lipolytic fragment (AOD9604) on lipid metabolism following chronic treatment in obese mice and beta(3)-AR knock-out mice. Endocrinology, 142(12), 5182–5189. https://doi.org/10.1210/endo.142.12.8522
  10. Kwon, D. R., & Park, G. Y. (2015). Effect of Intra-articular Injection of AOD9604 with or without Hyaluronic Acid in Rabbit Osteoarthritis Model. Annals of clinical and laboratory science, 45(4), 426–432.
  11. National Library of Medicine (US). (April 09 2019 – May 03 2020). Oral LAT8881 in Neuropathic Pain. Identifier NCT03865953. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03865953
  12. National Library of Medicine (US). (September 24 2019 – April 10 2020). A Proof of Concept Study of the Efficacy and Safety of Oral LAT8881 in Acute Migraine. Identifier NCT04153409. https://www.clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04153409
  13. Ng, F. M., Sun, J., Sharma, L., Libinaka, R., Jiang, W. J., & Gianello, R. (2000). Metabolic studies of a synthetic lipolytic domain (AOD9604) of human growth hormone. Hormone research, 53(6), 274–278. https://doi.org/10.1159/000053183
  14.  Heffernan, M. A., Thorburn, A. W., Fam, B., Summers, R., Conway-Campbell, B., Waters, M. J., & Ng, F. M. (2001). Increase of fat oxidation and weight loss in obese mice caused by chronic treatment with human growth hormone or a modified C-terminal fragment. International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders : journal of the International Association for the Study of Obesity, 25(10), 1442–1449. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0801740
  15. Moré, M. I., & Kenley, D. (2014). Safety and metabolism of AOD9604, a novel nutraceutical ingredient for improved metabolic health. Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism, 4(3), 64-77.
  16. Türker, S., Onur, E., & Ozer, Y. (2004). Nasal route and drug delivery systems. Pharmacy world & science : PWS, 26(3), 137–142. https://doi.org/10.1023/b:phar.0000026823.82950.ff

Scientifically Fact Checked by:

Dimitar Marinov, Ph.D.

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